Cross-chain innovation and connectivity with Ethereum interoperability
With cross-chain bridges, developers can use Flow's computational strength to build fast, complex applications while tapping into the financial liquidity and asset value strength of Ethereum. To achieve this vision, it is crucial to establish robust foundational connections between Flow and other blockchains. The main pillars for enabling cross-chain interoperability are Bridges, DeFi, Cross-chain Oracles and a fully self custodial wallet. This will be a multi-step process:
Step 1: Token bridging between ETH and FLOW using the Celer bridge, with sufficient liquidity for pool-based asset swaps on popular DEXs.
Step 2: Expanding cross-chain messaging for token bridging with Axelar as a second bridge in the ecosystem.
Step 3: Integrating with the cross-chain Band oracle for price feeds and real-world data. Band will provide secure and decentralized access to off-chain price data essential for DeFi products and other use cases.
Step 4: Expanding Axelar’s cross chain messaging for supporting cross-chain NFTs. With Axelar, developers will be able to utilize the General Message Passing (GMP) capability to create cross-chain NFTs or build cross-chain capabilities for traditional NFTs.
Initiatives
Cross-chain bridges and protocols are complex systems with numerous components spanning disparate networks and execution environments. They entail various security considerations, assumptions and trade-offs, and the coordination of diverse actors with different incentives and trust models. The dominant bridge for fungible assets available today on Flow is Celer, and the most popular decentralized exchange (DEX) options are IncrementFi, Metapier and BloctoSwap. These bridge and DEX operators have undertaken comprehensive and holistic security audits of their protocol and contract implementations, operations, and architecture, as is the standard practice for the industry. Flow needs to improve liveness and censorship resistance guarantees by providing redundancy through multiple bridges.
Flow will improve liveness and censorship resistance guarantees by providing redundancy through multiple bridges. Native integration with the Axelar cross-chain messaging platform is actively under development and will add the needed redundancy. Furthermore, Axelar’s cross-chain messaging capabilities will enable applications to implement cross-chain use-cases in novel and exciting ways.
Currently, swapping ETH to FLOW is a multi-step process of bridging ETH to wrapped tokens and then using a DEX for swapping to FLOW. While this is similar to DeFi's experiences on other chains, the barrier this presents to Web3 newcomers is significant.
Flow can deliver a mainstream-ready DeFi experience that makes relocating liquidity or swapping assets straightforward and frictionless – without exposure to the underlying systems and protocols. Wallets and application level UX improvements are key to abstracting this away and realizing this vision.
To that end, ecosystem wallets like Lilico can provide a single-click swap via a DEX in their mobile wallet app – and ultimately, a cross-chain wallet can further improve this experience. Token swaps can be performed implicitly during transactions, enabling users to purchase using any token type regardless of the token specified for the purchase.
Flow supports the same signature curve that is used on Ethereum, developers can easily verify and validate signatures from web3.js wallets like MetaMask. With this ability developers are able to build unique integrations of Ethereum wallets working on Flow.
With this core mechanism, developers can build asset management and onchain engagement all simply with an Ethereum wallet. Onboarding users from Ethereum to Flow and engaging with the exciting and incredible applications and experiences on Flow.
After the user has joined the full Flow ecosystem by selecting their Flow wallet, the user then can select Ethereum accounts to be able to recover their Flow account using the same mechanism ensuring that a user is able to reliably have access to their Flow assets.
Oracle networks such as Chainlink, Pyth, QED, Band Protocol, and others have established their relevance in providing secure and decentralized access to off-chain data essential for DeFi products and other use-cases. They enable new and powerful ways to work with on-chain liquidity such as borrow/lend, perps, derivatives, liquid staking, etc. Furthermore, the absence of oracle data limits options for builders and, thus, the products that can be built. We’re excited to share that native oracle integration with Band Protocol is actively under development and will provide low latency access to token pair and commodities prices on Flow.
Current progress
As of today, Flow mainnet offers cross-chain bridging using Celer and pool-based asset swaps using IncrementFi and Metapier. BloctoSwap also provides order-book based asset swaps. Other cross-chain messaging/bridging options such as Axelar, LayerZero, and Wormhole are actively being explored for the features offered and the added redundancy provided. We are also working to onboard an oracle provider to Flow before the end of 2023.
The Flow DEX standard has been proposed to simplify integration with DEXs and will soon be finalized for development. Adopting the standard establishes the special role of DEXs as primitives for the broader DeFi ecosystem. The standard significantly reduces the complexity and compromises observed in other DeFi ecosystems. The DEX interface also brings important composability and security benefits for dapps.
Roadmap goals
Keep reading
Quickstarts
Stay up to date with the latest news on Flow.
Stay up to date with the latest news on Flow.